Persuasion: Where we intentionally or unintentionally influence the behaviour of others by expressing our opinions, preferences, or emotions. This is called
Hindsight bias: We tend to overestimate our ability to predict or explain an outcome after it has occurred. For example, we might think that we knew all along who would win an election or a sports game.
Framing effect: We are influenced by how information is presented to us, such as the wording, order, or context. For example, we might be more likely to buy a product if it is described as “90% fat-free” than if it is described as “10% fat”.
Anchoring bias: We rely too much on the first piece of information we receive and adjust our estimates insufficiently from it. For instance, we might be influenced by the initial price of a product and not consider other factors that affect its value.
Confirmation bias: We seek out and interpret information that confirms our existing beliefs and opinions. For example, we might only read news sources that align with our political views and ignore those that challenge them.
Availability heuristic: We judge the likelihood of an event by how easily we can recall examples of it from memory. For instance, we might overestimate the risk of shark attacks after watching a film about them.