The stomach lining, or gastric mucosa, is the innermost layer of the stomach wall, composed of folded tissue (rugae) that expands and contracts, containing glands producing protective mucus, acid, and enzymes for digestion. This vital lining protects the stomach from its own harsh digestive juices and allows food to mix and move, but it can become inflamed (gastritis) or damaged by bacteria like H. pylori, alcohol, or painkillers, potentially leading to ulcers or other complications.

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